| 
                           Sociology and Criminal Justice (Evelina Sterling) Reconceiving Infertility: Charting Changes in Policy, Capital, and Access regarding
                           Reproductive Medicine in the 21st CenturyFirst-Year Scholars: Audrey Hoefer, Emma Martin, & Kaliyah Stewart 
                           
                              
                                 
                                 
                                    
                                       | With the first IVF baby born in 1978, the field of infertility has undergone profound transformations over the past 25 years, yet scholarly attention remains disproportionately focused on its origins in the 1970s-90s. While historical studies have addressed the early development of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and their sociocultural implications, little research has captured the field鈥檚 rapid expansion and commercialization in the 21st century. This project seeks to fill that gap by examining the political, economic, and institutional forces that have reshaped infertility care in the U.S. since the early 2000s. Our central focus is on how the political climate, particularly shifts in reproductive
                                             policy, healthcare regulation, and state-level restrictions, has intersected with
                                             the increasing influence of private equity and venture capital investment in the fertility
                                             sector. Dozens of independent clinics have been consolidated under national brands,
                                             and new corporate models are redefining the patient experience and the business of
                                             reproduction. We aim to explore how these dynamics have altered access, affordability,
                                             and ethics in infertility care. Students will begin by conducting a landscape analysis of the infertility industry
                                             from 2000 to the present, including: 
                                             
                                             Mergers, acquisitions, and the rise of fertility conglomeratesChanges in state and federal legislation affecting ARTGrowth of direct-to-consumer fertility services and global 鈥渇ertility tourism鈥The role of lobbying, corporate branding, and digital marketing in patient recruitment  Students will engage with a mix of archival materials, policy documents, trade press,
                                             investor reports, social media, and interviews with clinicians and industry leaders
                                             to understand how infertility is framed, sold, and experienced today. In doing so,
                                             they will also gain skills in content analysis, qualitative coding, and basic policy
                                             tracking. The project is designed as a first phase in a broader line of inquiry, with the ultimate
                                             goal of supporting major grant proposal proposals and innovative publications. Findings
                                             from the research will help generate initial datasets, identify case studies, and
                                             reveal key patterns in how infertility services have evolved under economic and political
                                             pressures. We anticipate that this work will make a timely and important contribution
                                             to medical sociology, bioethics, reproductive medicine, and health equity scholarship. This project aligns with KSU鈥檚 commitment to high-impact practices, undergraduate research, and addressing pressing issues at the intersection of medicine, business, and social justice. | 
                                 
                                 
                                    
                                       | This project is designed to foster meaningful student learning through hands-on engagement
                                             with real-world sociological and public health research. First year students will
                                             develop a wide range of academic, analytical, and professional skills that will serve
                                             them throughout their college careers and beyond. Research Skills: Students will be introduced to core research methodologies including archival research,
                                             content analysis, qualitative coding, and basic policy tracking. They will learn how
                                             to formulate research questions, locate and evaluate primary and secondary sources
                                             (e.g., articles, government policies, investor reports), and synthesize findings to
                                             identify larger patterns and trends. Critical Thinking and Analysis: Students will engage in interpretive analysis of complex, interdisciplinary issues,
                                             such as the commercialization of healthcare, equity in access to infertility services,
                                             and the influence of political policy on reproductive health. They will learn to critically
                                             assess how different stakeholders (e.g., clinics, private equity firms, lawmakers,
                                             and patients) shape the infertility field. Communication and Writing: Students will develop written and oral communication skills by contributing to collaborative
                                             research memos, reports, presentations, and possibly publications. Emphasis will be
                                             placed on translating complex information into accessible, well-organized narratives
                                             for both academic and public audiences. Teamwork and Collaboration: Students will work in research teams, learning to collaborate effectively, divide responsibilities, and support one another鈥檚 contributions. This fosters accountability, leadership, and interpersonal skills鈥攁ll essential for successful group work in academic and professional settings.  Professional and Ethical Development: Through faculty mentorship and reflective thinking, students will explore research
                                             ethics, data integrity, and responsible scholarship. They will also gain exposure
                                             to the research process, including the development of proposals, funding considerations,
                                             and the dissemination of results. By the end of the project, students will have developed a foundational research toolkit
                                             and a deeper understanding of the connections between reproductive health, policy,
                                             economics, and equity. | 
                                 
                                 
                                    
                                       | Each week, students will engage in structured research activities designed to gradually build their skills, contribute to the project鈥檚 goals, and foster collaboration. Weekly duties will combine independent work, group collaboration, and faculty-guided discussions. These activities will include:   Background  
                                             
                                             Explore the history of infertility treatments and their social, political, and economic
                                                contextRead foundational articles and engage in guided discussion about the commercialization
                                                of healthcare and reproductive technologiesReceive training on research ethics, source evaluation, and citation practices
 Topic Exploration and Research Design 
                                             
                                             Identify specific research questions aligned with project themes (e.g., private equity
                                                in fertility, state-level policy changes, marketing trends)Begin building a shared bibliography of relevant sourcesParticipate in training on content analysis and qualitative coding techniques
 Data Collection and Analysis 
                                             
                                             Collect data from assigned sources (e.g., media coverage, clinic websites, legislative
                                                databases, business reports)Code and analyze materials using structured templates provided by the faculty mentorContribute findings to team research logs and begin identifying emerging themes and
                                                patterns
 Synthesis and Reflection 
                                             
                                             Discuss key findings and draft brief summariesParticipate in peer review and editing sessions to refine clarity and coherenceReflect on the research process, challenges faced, and lessons learned
 Final Presentation and Dissemination 
                                             
                                             Develop a final  presentation to share findings with peers, faculty, campus stakeholders, and/or industry leaders (including the KSU Symposium of Student Scholars)Contribute to a written research brief or poster summarizing project insightsDiscuss next steps, including potential contributions to future grant proposals, publications,
                                                and/or additional presentations
 Throughout the project, students will meet weekly with the faculty mentor for guidance,
                                             feedback, and skill-building workshops. | 
                                 
                                    Modality (Face-to-Face, Hybrid, Online)
                                 
                                 
                               |